Teología débil y praxis eclesial: Acontecimiento, hospitalidad y vulnerabilidad en el horizonte de una Iglesia en salida

Abstract

Abstract: This article develops an integrated theological analysis of John D. Caputo’s weak theology as a decisive intersection between philosophical deconstruction and contemporary ecclesial praxis. Drawing on Caputo’s reinterpretation of Derridean deconstruction, the study argues that the name of God is reinterpreted beyond metaphysical foundationalism, emphasizing its ethical and ecclesial insistence ethically through calls to justice, hospitality, and vulnerability. By bringing into dialogue weak theology with Pope Francis’ vision of a “Church going forth,” the article shows how divine weakness does not imply theological deficiency but rather a transformative power that challenges ecclesial forms of domination and closure. Methodologically, the study adopts hermeneutics of perhaps, emphasizing the desontologization of theological language and the reinscription of truth as ethical responsibility. The article critically addresses common objections to weak theology—relativism, nihilism, and the erosion of doctrine—demonstrating that Caputo’s proposal offers not the dissolution of faith but its radicalization. The conclusion argues that weak theology provides a coherent theological framework for a vulnerable, hospitable, and missionary Church capable of responding to the ethical and pastoral challenges of contemporary society.